labour law, each in one or two sentences in English:

Here are all ten answers with respect to labour law, each in one or two sentences in English:

a. Disablement:
Disablement refers to the reduction in earning capacity due to a personal injury or occupational disease arising out of and in the course of employment.

b. Manufacturing Process:
Under labour law, it includes any process for making, altering, finishing, packing, or otherwise treating any article with a view to its use, sale, transport, or disposal.

c. Appointment of Certifying Surgeon:
A Certifying Surgeon is appointed by the State Government to medically examine workers, particularly adolescents and those employed in hazardous processes.

d. Occupational Disease:
It is a disease contracted primarily as a result of exposure to risk factors arising from work activity or the work environment, as specified in labour laws.

e. Medical Benefit Council:
This council under the ESI Act advises the Employees’ State Insurance Corporation on matters related to medical benefits and their administration.

f. Doctrine of Notional Extension:
This legal principle extends the employer’s liability for injuries occurring in areas and times reasonably connected to the employment, even if outside official hours or premises.

g. Child Labour:
Child labour refers to the employment of children below the age of 14 years in any occupation, which is prohibited under the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act.

h. National Social Security Board:
This board, constituted under the Unorganised Workers’ Social Security Act, 2008, recommends social security schemes for unorganised sector workers.

i. Provident Fund:
A Provident Fund is a government-managed retirement savings scheme where both employee and employer contribute a fixed percentage of wages.

j. ESI Fund:
The Employees’ State Insurance Fund is a pool of contributions from employers and employees used to provide medical, cash, and maternity benefits to insured persons.

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